Extremely poisonous contaminants, e.g. weighty metal ions, phenolics, poisons and insecticides, have modelled main pressures to ecology safety and community well-being. It is authoritative to grow humble, little price, subtle and dependable methods for noticing these pollutants in the situation. Associated with outdated logical methods, photoelectrochemical detecting as an afresh arose approach keeps a little circumstantial sound and high understanding, introductory a novel stage for fast and precise intensive care of the disturbed contaminants. The presentation of progressive photoelectrochemical devices is basically connected to the microstructures and shapes of semiconductor-based photoactive nanomaterials. So, a multidisciplinary investigation exertion concentrating on the balanced project and mixture of advanced photoactive nanomaterials has lately appeared. This broadside prepares an inclusive evaluation on the engineered semiconductors (i.e. doped- semiconductors) and their heterojunctions (e.g. semiconductor, semiconductor- carbon, semiconductor-metal and multicomponent heterojunction) as well as their developing requests in PEC detecting and intensive care.