This book takes a holistic perspective on innovation and explores the fundamentals behind visible matter in the Universe and on Earth. The diversity of matter is explained via three main factors, referred to as Big Bang, Life Bang and Technology Bang which chronologically occurred in the same order. Each Bang builds on the previous one and enhances and enriches the innovation potential.Each Bang is analyzed separately and its contribution to innovation is discussed. The products of each of the three Bangs, namely celestial objects, organisms and technology tools, are explained and similarities as well as differences among them are highlighted. The book argues that we are at the brink of a major revolution for synthesizing novel biological organisms on Earth, commonly referred to as synthetic biology. Synthetic biology allows designing organisms to achieve certain purposes which resembles technology tools. Hence, the distinction between organisms and technology tools is gradually becoming blurry. This further amplifies the potential for innovation by enriching our toolbox and by augmenting existing desired purposes with new ones.The book assumes a long term perspective for innovation by taking into account the fundamental constituents of visible matter and how they gradually formed over time in the universe. It is also Interesting that innovations at the celestial, organism and technology levels posses common aspects and characteristics. Innovations can be described as combinations of constituent parts and components in a hierarchical manner subject to the laws of nature.